Calchas had guided the Achaeans with their fleet to Ilius, establishing his presence there.
See evidence text
“He it was who had guided the Achaeans with their fleet to Ilius”
Character · Individual
Read-only identity and editorial metadata.
son of Thestor
Descriptive reference · Direct
wisest of augurs
Title · Direct
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Calchas had guided the Achaeans with their fleet to Ilius, establishing his presence there.
“He it was who had guided the Achaeans with their fleet to Ilius”
Calchas is the wisest augur, knows past, present, and future, guided the fleet to Ilius through Apollo-inspired prophecies, and speaks with sincerity and goodwill.
“Calchas son of Thestor, wisest of augurs, who knew things past present and to come, rose to speak. He it was who had guided the Achaeans with their fleet to Ilius, through the prophesyings with which Phoebus Apollo had inspired him. With all sincerity and goodwill he addressed them thus:—”
Calchas asks Achilles to swear wholehearted protection before he reveals Apollo’s anger, fearing the lasting revenge of the ruler of the Argives.
“‘Achilles, loved of heaven, you bid me tell you about the anger of King Apollo, I will therefore do so; but consider first and swear that you will stand by me heartily in word and deed, for I know that I shall offend one who rules the Argives with might, to whom all the Achaeans are in subjection. A plain man cannot stand against the anger of a king, who if he swallow his displeasure now, will yet nurse revenge till he has wreaked it. Consider, therefore, whether or no you will protect me.’”
Calchas boldly identifies Agamemnon’s dishonour of Apollo’s priest as the plague’s cause and prescribes the girl’s ransom-free restoration and a holy hecatomb.
“Thereon the seer spoke boldly. ‘The god,’ he said, ‘is angry neither about vow nor hecatomb, but for his priest’s sake, whom Agamemnon has dishonoured, in that he would not free his daughter nor take a ransom for her; therefore has he sent these evils upon us, and will yet send others. He will not deliver the Danaans from this pestilence till Agamemnon has restored the girl without fee or ransom to her father, and has sent a holy hecatomb to Chryse. Thus we may perhaps appease him.’”
Calchas is met by Agamemnon’s fiery scowl and accusation that he only foretells evil.
“his eyes flashed fire as he scowled on Calchas and said, ‘Seer of evil, you never yet prophesied smooth things concerning me, but have ever loved to foretell that which was evil”
Achilles remembers an unnamed-in-speech seer declaring Apollo’s oracles in the fullness of his knowledge.
“At last a seer in the fulness of his knowledge declared to us the oracles of Apollo”
Ulysses remembers Calchas immediately interpreting the portent: nine birds signified nine years of fighting at Troy and the town’s capture in the tenth.
“Seeing, then, that such a fearful portent had broken in upon our hecatombs, Calchas forthwith declared to us the oracles of heaven. ‘Why, Achaeans,’ said he, ‘are you thus speechless? Jove has sent us this sign, long in coming, and long ere it be fulfilled, though its fame shall last for ever. As the serpent ate the eight fledglings and the sparrow that hatched them, which makes nine, so shall we fight nine years at Troy, but in the tenth shall take the town.’”
Evidence records not already represented by a claim.
“Calchas son of Thestor”
“Calchas forthwith declared to us the oracles of heaven”
“assumed the form and voice of Calchas”